電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網輸出的功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)包(bao)括兩部(bu)分;一(yi)是有(you)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv);二是無功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv).直(zhi)接消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng),把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉變為(wei)(wei)機(ji)械能(neng)(neng)(neng),熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng),化學能(neng)(neng)(neng)或聲能(neng)(neng)(neng),利用(yong)(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)作功(gong)(gong)(gong),這(zhe)(zhe)部(bu)分功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)稱為(wei)(wei)有(you)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv);不消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng);只是把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉換為(wei)(wei)另一(yi)種形(xing)式的能(neng)(neng)(neng),這(zhe)(zhe)種能(neng)(neng)(neng)作為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)作功(gong)(gong)(gong)的必備條件,并且,這(zhe)(zhe)種能(neng)(neng)(neng)是在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)進行周(zhou)期性轉換,這(zhe)(zhe)部(bu)分功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)稱為(wei)(wei)無功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv),如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)元件建立磁(ci)場占(zhan)用(yong)(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器建立電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場所(suo)占(zhan)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng).

電力中(zhong)無(wu)功補償元器件在電力系統的(de)作用(yong)和結構

另外由于(yu)(yu)可(ke)控(kong)硅的(de)(de)(de)觸發次數沒有(you)(you)限制，可(ke)以實現準動(dong)態(tai)補償（響應(ying)時間在毫秒級），因(yin)此(ci)適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)電(dian)容器的(de)(de)(de)頻繁(fan)投切，非常(chang)適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)頻繁(fan)變化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)負荷情況，相對于(yu)(yu)交(jiao)流(liu)接觸器有(you)(you)了質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)飛躍。可(ke)控(kong)硅開(kai)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)缺點是結構復雜、體積(ji)大、損耗大、成(cheng)本高、可(ke)靠性差，優點是能實現過零投切、動(dong)作迅速、反應(ying)快，多用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)動(dong)態(tai)補償的(de)(de)(de)場(chang)合(he)，而不(bu)適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)常(chang)規低(di)壓電(dian)容器投切的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)功(gong)補償裝置(zhi)中(zhong)。

變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)補(bu)償(chang)：針對電(dian)(dian)網的(de)無(wu)功平衡，在(zai)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)進行集(ji)中補(bu)償(chang)，補(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)包(bao)括(kuo)并聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)容器、同(tong)步調相(xiang)機、靜止補(bu)償(chang)器等(deng)，主要目(mu)的(de)是平衡電(dian)(dian)網的(de)無(wu)功功率，改善電(dian)(dian)網的(de)功率因數，提高系統(tong)終端變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所的(de)母線(xian)電(dian)(dian)壓，補(bu)償(chang)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)主變(bian)壓器和高壓輸電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)無(wu)功損耗。這些(xie)補(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)一般(ban)集(ji)中接在(zai)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)10kV母線(xian)上，因此具(ju)有(you)管理容易、維(wei)護(hu)方(fang)便等(deng)優點(dian)，缺點(dian)是這種補(bu)償(chang)方(fang)式對10kV配電(dian)(dian)網的(de)降損不起作用。