智能建(jian)筑(zhu)中(zhong)諧(xie)(xie)波主要(yao)來自(zi)于大量(liang)(liang)非線(xian)性(xing)負荷形成(cheng)的諧(xie)(xie)波源，比如(ru)計(ji)算機系(xi)(xi)統、開關電(dian)(dian)源、電(dian)(dian)子式熒光(guang)整流器等(deng)導致配電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統的電(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)流發生畸變，進而產生諧(xie)(xie)波，除此之外，公用電(dian)(dian)網本身就有的諧(xie)(xie)波含量(liang)(liang)，以及配電(dian)(dian)變壓器產生的諧(xie)(xie)波等(deng)v也都到了智能建(jian)筑(zhu)中(zhong)。

純電容(rong)無功補償(chang)元件改造方案(an)

以上兩種(zhong)精(jing)準計算補償容量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)法，都是基于負荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)大小和功(gong)率因(yin)數來(lai)計算的(de)(de)(de)，但大多數時候這些值并不(bu)(bu)能準確的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)量(liang)，所以有(you)經(jing)驗的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程師一(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)根據變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)和電動機功(gong)率，估(gu)算一(yi)(yi)個大概的(de)(de)(de)補償值。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)如果(guo)負載是變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)話，大概取變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)30%進行補償，比(bi)如案例中，變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)為800kVA，則需要補償的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)QC=800*30%=240Kvar。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)來(lai)說，30%是比(bi)較穩妥(tuo)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗值，如果(guo)是工(gong)業用(yong)戶，還可(ke)以比(bi)30%稍微高一(yi)(yi)點兒；如果(guo)是民用(yong)，則30%的(de)(de)(de)值稍微有(you)些偏高了（當然，土豪請忽略），這個時候可(ke)以對(dui)電容器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進行分組，有(you)些電容器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)為備用(yong)暫不(bu)(bu)投入使(shi)用(yong)就可(ke)以啦。

此外，對具有正(zheng)反轉起(qi)動(dong)(dong)的場(chang)合(he)，應把補償(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器接到接觸器頭(tou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源進線側(ce)，這雖能使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)隨電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的運(yun)行而投入。但當接觸器剛斷開時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器會向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)繞組放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，引起(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)自激(ji)產生高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，這也有不(bu)妥之處。若將(jiang)補償(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器接于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源側(ce)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)停運(yun)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網仍向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器供(gong)給(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，造(zao)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器負(fu)擔加(jia)重，產生不(bu)必(bi)要(yao)的損耗。