無(wu)功補(bu)償的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本原理：電(dian)網輸(shu)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)(lv)包括兩部分：一是(shi)有功功率(lv)(lv)：直接消(xiao)耗電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，把電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉變為(wei)機械能(neng)(neng)(neng)、熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)、化(hua)學能(neng)(neng)(neng)或聲(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，利用(yong)這(zhe)些能(neng)(neng)(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)功，這(zhe)部分功率(lv)(lv)稱(cheng)為(wei)有功功率(lv)(lv)；二是(shi)無(wu)功功率(lv)(lv)：不消(xiao)耗電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，只是(shi)把電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉換為(wei)另(ling)一種(zhong)形式的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，這(zhe)種(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)電(dian)氣設備能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠作(zuo)(zuo)功的(de)(de)(de)(de)必備條件，并且，這(zhe)種(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)在電(dian)網中與電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)進行周(zhou)期性轉換，這(zhe)部分功率(lv)(lv)稱(cheng)為(wei)無(wu)功功率(lv)(lv)（如電(dian)磁(ci)元件建(jian)立磁(ci)場(chang)占(zhan)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，電(dian)容器建(jian)立電(dian)場(chang)所占(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)）。

智(zhi)能建筑(zhu)中(zhong)低(di)壓補(bu)償(chang)模(mo)組的諧波放(fang)大問題解(jie)決辦法(fa)

電網的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗(hao)分為管(guan)理線損(sun)和(he)技(ji)術(shu)線損(sun)。管(guan)理線損(sun)通過管(guan)理和(he)組織上的(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)施(shi)來降(jiang)低；技(ji)術(shu)線損(sun)通過各種(zhong)技(ji)術(shu)措(cuo)施(shi)來降(jiang)低。無功(gong)(gong)(gong)補(bu)償是利(li)用(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)措(cuo)施(shi)降(jiang)低線損(sun)的(de)(de)(de)重要措(cuo)施(shi)之(zhi)一，在(zai)有功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率合(he)理分配的(de)(de)(de)同時，做到無功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率的(de)(de)(de)合(he)理分布。按照就近的(de)(de)(de)原則(ze)安排(pai)減少無功(gong)(gong)(gong)遠距離輸送。對各種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)進行線損(sun)計算制定合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)運行方(fang)式(shi)；合(he)理調(diao)整(zheng)和(he)利(li)用(yong)(yong)補(bu)償設(she)備提高(gao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率因數。

現在用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備有很多，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)、中頻(pin)、變頻(pin)等設(she)備，會(hui)產生(sheng)諧波(bo)。有了(le)諧波(bo)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、波(bo)形發生(sheng)畸變，損壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器、接觸器、熔斷器，嚴重(zhong)時會(hui)引起火災(zai)，燒毀(hui)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備。解決方法(fa)：1、諧波(bo)不嚴重(zhong)的提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等級。2、諧波(bo)嚴重(zhong)的要配置抗諧波(bo)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器，但這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器的造價相(xiang)對比較高。