無功(gong)補(bu)(bu)償指(zhi)在電(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)起提(ti)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率因數的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，降低供(gong)電(dian)(dian)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)及(ji)輸送線路的(de)(de)(de)損耗(hao)，提(ti)高(gao)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)效率，改善供(gong)電(dian)(dian)環境。所以(yi)智能通訊(xun)型無功(gong)補(bu)(bu)償控制器(qi)(qi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)在電(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)處在一(yi)個不可(ke)缺少的(de)(de)(de)非(fei)常重要的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)。合理(li)的(de)(de)(de)選擇(ze)補(bu)(bu)償裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，可(ke)以(yi)做到大(da)限度的(de)(de)(de)減少電(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)損耗(hao)，使電(dian)(dian)網質量(liang)提(ti)高(gao)。反之(zhi)，如選擇(ze)或使用(yong)不當，可(ke)能造成供(gong)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波(bo)(bo)動，諧波(bo)(bo)增(zeng)大(da)等諸多(duo)因素。智能通訊(xun)型無功(gong)補(bu)(bu)償控制器(qi)(qi)可(ke)以(yi)分(fen)為(wei)串聯補(bu)(bu)償裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)和(he)并聯補(bu)(bu)償裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)兩大(da)類，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)分(fen)為(wei)有源(yuan)和(he)無源(yuan)補(bu)(bu)償裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)。有源(yuan)補(bu)(bu)償裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)是一(yi)個用(yong)反饋(kui)系(xi)(xi)統調節電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)或其他變(bian)量(liang)。

　　智能通(tong)訊型無功補償(chang)控制器故障分類

　　1、過電(dian)壓

　　過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)對電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)的危害極大。電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)的壽命與過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的時(shi)間、過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的幅(fu)值、過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的次數有密切的關系。特別是長時(shi)間過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，會使電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)發熱，從而(er)加速絕緣老化(hua)。所以當電(dian)(dian)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)超(chao)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)1.1倍(bei)時(shi)，應將(jiang)其退出運行。

　　2、過(guo)電流

　　當電(dian)容器(qi)電(dian)流超過1.3倍額定電(dian)流或三相不平衡電(dian)流超過5％時，應(ying)將(jiang)其(qi)退出運行。因(yin)為電(dian)流過大，將(jiang)造成電(dian)容器(qi)的燒壞事故。

　　3、滲漏油

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器是全密(mi)封(feng)設備，密(mi)封(feng)不(bu)嚴則空氣(qi)、水分以及雜(za)質都可能進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器內部。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器發(fa)生滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)油時，則應減輕(qing)負載或降低周圍環境溫度，但不(bu)宜長期運(yun)行。若發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器嚴重滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)油，則應盡快將其停用。

　　4、鼓(gu)肚變形

　　運行中電容(rong)器油(you)箱(xiang)內部發生故障(zhang)時(shi)，絕緣油(you)被(bei)電弧的高(gao)溫分解，產生大量(liang)的氣體，會使油(you)箱(xiang)鼓(gu)肚(du)變形。出現這種情況時(shi)，應立(li)即將其退出運行并更換備用品。

　　5、電容器(qi)斷路器(qi)自(zi)動跳閘

　　斷(duan)(duan)路器(qi)(qi)(qi)跳閘后(hou)不(bu)得強送，此(ci)時首先應檢查保護動(dong)作的(de)情況及有關一次回路，如檢查電容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有無爆炸、鼓(gu)肚、噴油。并(bing)對(dui)電容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)斷(duan)(duan)路器(qi)(qi)(qi)、電流互(hu)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、電壓(ya)互(hu)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、電力電纜(lan)等進(jin)行檢查，判(pan)斷(duan)(duan)故(gu)(gu)障性質。如無上(shang)述(shu)情況，而是由于(yu)外部(bu)故(gu)(gu)障造成母線電壓(ya)波動(dong)而使斷(duan)(duan)路器(qi)(qi)(qi)跳閘，經15min后(hou)允(yun)許進(jin)行試(shi)合(he)閘。未查明原因之前不(bu)得試(shi)送。

　　智能通訊型無功補償控制器故障(zhang)處理(li)

　　成套智能通訊型無功補償控制器保護功能齊全，繼電保護動(dong)作(zuo)后同(tong)時發出音響信(xin)號(hao)，故障排除如下(xia)：

　　1、過流信號動(dong)作，停(ting)電(dian)檢查噴逐式熔斷(duan)器有無斷(duan)落，電(dian)容器、電(dian)抗(kang)器有無滲油、鼓肚、燒焦等現象，并(bing)測量好壞并(bing)作必要調(diao)換，確(que)認無誤再送電(dian)。

　　2、零序信號動作，這是由于三(san)相(xiang)電壓不(bu)平衡造成，檢查有無斷(duan)相(xiang)或某相(xiang)熔斷(duan)器熔斷(duan)脫落，作必(bi)要調換，恢復后送電。

　　3、過電壓信號動作，檢查系統電壓是否偏高，此(ci)時控(kong)制器拒(ju)絕工作，待系統電壓恢(hui)復正常時再送電：

低(di)(di)電(dian)壓(ya)信號動作，系統電(dian)壓(ya)偏低(di)(di)或(huo)不正常時，補償柜投不上，低(di)(di)電(dian)壓(ya)信號在總降壓(ya)變柜上取。